IMPOSITION OF COLONIAL RULE
>The white people after sending their agent,the scramble and partition of Africa Cohen it was over, they introduced the company rule then they started to impose their colonial rule.
AFRICAN REACTION/RESISTANCE AGAINST THE IMPOSITION OF COLONIAL RULE
What is African resistance?
This was the reaction taken by African people inorder to oppose the colonial rule.The African resistance had taken place from 1880's-1920's(19thC)
FORMS OF REACTION AGAINST COLONIALISM
The were two forms of the African reaction against colonialism namely
i)Resistance ii) Collaboration
TYPES OF AFRICAN RESISTANCE
There are two types of African resistance
(a) Small scale/Primary resistance
(b) Large scale/Secondary resistance
A.SMALL SCALE/PRIMARY RESISTANCE
This was the type of resistance which involved a small number of people.example.a trible,a clan or community.
>It covered a small area
>The following were list of small scale resistance
i) Hehe resistance of 1891-1894(chief Mkwawa)
ii)Nandi resistance of 1895-1905(koitalel)
iii) Coastal resistance
>Here we have
i)Abushiri bin Salim resistance 1888-1889
ii)Yao resistance 1890-led by chief Machemba
iii)Nyamwezi resistance 1891-1894 led by Mtemi Isike
iv)Bwana Heri of zigua and Hassan bin Omar Makunganya
B.LARGE SCALE/SECONDARY RESISTANCE
This was the type of resistance which involved many numbers of people
**It covered large area,many tribes and many community
Example of large scale resistance were
i)Shona-Ndebele(Chimurenga war)1896-1897
ii)Mandinka resistance 1882-1885 and 1891-1898 led by Samori You're
iii)Nama and Herero resistance of 1904-1907 led by Hedrick witboo
iv) MajiMaji resistance 1905-1907 under Kinjeketile Ngwale
v) Ethiopia,Adowa batlle (1986) under Menelik Ii
FORMS OF AFRICAN RESISTANCE/THE TECHNIQUE/METHOD TAKEN BY AFRICAN TO REACT AGAINST COLONIAL RULE
There were various forms of resistance caused by African people to react against colonial rule.these method were as follows
I.ACTIVE RESISTANCE
Is the type of resistance were the society fought face to face with white
Example Mkwawa hehe of Iringa and chief Mangi meli
>It involved direct military anfrontation between Africa and white
II.PASSIVE RESISTANCE
This was to oppose colonial rule by not fighting instead the society destroyed European things like burning farms and building seeds
>It was submitting without shifting to show thier dissatisfaction
REASONS FOR THE AFRICANS RESISTANCE AGAINST COLONIAL
i)To oppose cruelity example all arable land was taken by white.Africa were forced to pay taxes and to over work and low salaries
ii)To protect political freedom.They wanted defend all political issues and to get democratic government that will fulfill African interest
iii) To preserve economic interest; they reacted to oppose taxes, forced labour and land alienation
iv) To defend their culture; they wanted to preserve some culture like polygamy and women circumsisiom
v) To oppose cash crop production; Africans were forced to produce cotton, sisal and coffee.example MajiMaji war
vi) To regain their lost independence;
FACTORS THAT DETERMINED THE NATURE OF AFRICAN REACTION
Enmity among Africans
Outbreak of disease
Individual interest among the leaders
Presence of missionaries
Ignorance of some rula
The level of development reached
2.COLLABORATION/ALLIANCE
>Mean to make friendship with Europeans to conquer their neighbors
>The war of resisting colonial rule where two or more societies united together and oppose against colonialist
>Example in Ashanti,Oyo and Benin led to the rise of forest state,Shona and Ndebele people in Zimbabwe allied to fight against British
REASONS FOR THE AFRICANS COLLABORATION WITH THE COLONIALIST
a) Wrong Perception
>They believe that colonialist were just visitors who could go back soon to their homes
b) military motives
>The desire to get weapons (guns) example Menelik ii in Ethiopia
c) The role of missionaries
>They convinced Africans to accept colonialism through schristian preaching and education
d) Enmity between tribes
>Example Sangu and Bena collaborate with Germany to fight against the Hehe
e) Natural calamities
>The society suffered from floods drought and disease where easly collaborated with whites inorder to support like food
f) The desire to be rich
>European were good in trade,so some tribes think that they would be rich by being together with whites example Buganda
g) Desire to have a peace
h) They are weak to provide resistance
i) Ignorance
WHY AFRICAN RESISTANCE FAILED?
(Reasons for the Africans defeat in the resistance)
i)poor weapons applied by Africans
ii)Morden weapons applied by whites
iii) Wrong believe eg.Kinjeketile Ngwale of MajiMaji
iv) Natural calamities
v) Disunity among the Africans
vi) Betrayal among the Africans
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