Is the process of struggle inorder to get something of great value.So the European powers had scramble for the African colonies.
What is Partition?
Is the process of something to be divide. The European powers had divide African continent in the 19th century.
CAUSES/FACTORS/REASON FOR SCRAMBLE, PARTITION AND COLONIZATION OF AFRICA
The African continent was colonised (scramble and partition) bye the Imperialist during the second half of the 19th century because of two (2)factors
(i)Afro-centric views
(ii)Euro-centric views
I. AFRO-CENTRIC VIEWS
Those were the factors given out by Africans concerning with scramble for and partition of Africa during the 19th century.
>The views they said Africa would colonized due to industrial revolution in Europe were they needed
(i)Raw materials
(ii) Cheap labours
(iii) Need for market
(iv)Area for investments
(v) European population pressure
II.THE EURO-CENTRIC VIEWS
>These are opinion given out by the Europeans concerning with the colonisation of Africa.Where they said that thus colonized due to
(i) Balance of nature**they said that, no any European nation from the 19th century was required colonised the other, hence according to this polut European decided to come in Africa.
(ii)Strategic reasons**This was due to the fact that the African continent had several kind of richness like fertile land and minerals.
(iii) Superiority factor**They came in Africa as they wanted to show that whit race were better and powerful than black color.
(iv)To spread Christianity**They said that they came in Africa to spread word of God to African countries.
(v) National prestige**The possession of colonies was considered as a symbol of greatness and respect example Germany and Italy
(vi) Balance of power**The balance of power was disrupted by France-Prussian war of 1870-1871(war between France and Germany), where by Germany rose power of controlins two provinces of Alsace and Lorraine for production of cool and iron after defeaties France.So the France scrambled for colonies to regain power and compasate for the 1st provinces.
(vii) Need to abolish slave trade**They need to stop slave trade and introduce testimato trade to spread civilization in Africa countries which was known as the Dark continent.
(viii) The roles of colonial agents**
(ix) Shift in balance of power**
(X)The Berlin conference**
STRATEGIC AREAS WHERE CAPITALIST SCRAMBLED TO ACQUIRES (COLONIES) OF GREAT VALUE
>Among of those strategic where
a) Egypt-it scrambled by British and French because of the Suez canal
b) South Africa-scrambled by Dutch due to availability of gold and diamonds.
c) The Congo basin-scrambled by France and Portugal due to gold and copper and navigable river.
d)Niger valley-scrambled by British, France and Germany because of navigable agriculture and high population
e)East Africa-scrambled by British and Germany due to availability of fertile land, fresh water and population.
REASON FOR SOME AREA IN AFRICA TO EXPERIENCE MORE INTENSIVE SCRAMBLE
>The reason are as follows
i) Fertile land**-The parts of Kenya, Zimbabwe experience intensive scramble due to its fertile land
ii) Minerals**-example South Africa where Dutch scrambled with British company in it's due to Diamonds
iii) Climatic condition**The area with moderate temperature, enough rainfall which was suitable in agriculture where activities where scrambled intensively
iv) Population increase**The area with high population like Egypt, South Africa and Niger had got intensive scramble because they ensuret to get labour power
v) Large space for market**The area like Egypt and South Africa scrambled by many nations due to its population with provide market for their goods.
vi) Navigable river**example Congo river, Nile river
THE EFFECT/IMPACT/OUTCOME OF THE SCRAMBLE AND PARTITION OF AFRICA
The effect were
i) Creation of boundaries
ii) Spread of western culture
iii) Occurrence of first world war in 1914
iv) Economic and Political dependence
v)Loss of control of our affairs
vi) Civil war and Political instability
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